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MIL-HDBK-415 Design Handbook For Fiber Optic Communications SystemsThe purpose of this handbook is to provide uniform Department of Defense \(DoD\) guidelines for communication engineers, and installation, operation. and maintenance personnel working with fiber optic communications systems. This handbook supports MIL-STD-188-111, Interoperability, and Performance Standards for Fiber Optic Communications Systems. Emphasis is on the importance of the major technological advancements in telecommunications, as well as networks and systems, rather than on components and hardware. However, the text does deal with the major components of fiber optic systems, including transmitters, receivers, fiber cable, and associated hardware. Further, it provides practical how-to guidance, including generalized real world examples on implementing the requirements in MIL-STD-188-111.

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MIL-HDBK-415A
LIST OF APPENDICES ­ continued
APPENDIX
PAGE
A.3.1
Attenuation ............................................................................................................................ A-8
A. 3. 1.1
Absorption ............................................................................................................................. A-8
A.3.1.2
Scattering (Rayleigh Scattering) ........................................................................................... A-8
A.3.1.3
Binding losses ....................................................................................................................... A-8
A.3.2
Multimode (modal) distortion ............................................................................................... A-9
A.3.3
Dispersion.............................................................................................................................. A-9
A.3.3.1
Material dispersion ................................................................................................................ A-9
A.3.3.2
Waveguide dispersion ........................................................................................................... A-9
A. 3.3.3
Profile dispersion................................................................................................................... A-9
A.3.4
Zero-dispersion wavelength ................................................................................................ A-10
A.4
Leaky modes........................................................................................................................ A-10
A.5
Chirping............................................................................................................................... A-10
A.6
Bandwidth in FOs................................................................................................................ A-10
A.6.1
FOCS bandwidth ................................................................................................................. A-10
A.6.2
Fiber bandwidth................................................................................................................... A-11
A.7
The optical signal spectrum................................................................................................ A- 12
A.7.1
LED spectrum...................................................................................................................... A-12
A.7.2
LD spectrum........................................................................................................................ A-12
APPENDIX B - CALCULATION OF REQUIRED DETECTOR INPUT POWER FOR
DIGITAL LINKS
B. I
General .................................................................................................................................. B-1
B.2
Detector input power for digital links ................................................................................... B-1
B. 3
Energy per pulse.................................................................................................................... B-1
B.3.1
Photodetection ....................................................................................................................... B-1
B. 3.2
Quantum noise....................................................................................................................... B-1
B. 3.3
Thermal noise........................................................................................................................ B-3
B.3.4
Receiver noise with PIN photodiode..................................................................................... B-3
B.3.5
Receiver noise with APD ...................................................................................................... B-3
B.3.6
Relationship between gain and noise factor .......................................................................... B-3
B.3.7
Receiver figure of merit ........................................................................................................ B-3
B.3.8
Calculation of figure of merit ................................................................................................ B-5
B.4
Calculation of the number of photons per pulse.................................................................... B-7
APPENDIX C - CALCULATION OF REQUIRED DETECTOR INPUT POWER FOR
ANALOG LINKS
C. I
General .................................................................................................................................. C-1
C.2
Detector input for analog links.............................................................................................. C-1
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